Bell v. Florida

The defendant, Mr. Gary Paul Bell, was charged and convicted with the crime of attempted kidnapping. At the trial, his victim, through her testimonies, claimed that the defendant exhibited attempted kidnapping in two counts to wit: (1) When the victim was walking along the street during daytime, the defendant drove up to her and offered to give her a ride to her destination, twice; (2) When the defendant forced the victim to get into the van by grabbing her around the neck and holding a gun to her head[1].The victim, who was able to break free from Mr. Bell, ran into traffic and tried to get the help of others in escaping the defendant. The defendant, on the other hand, remained standing nearby with his gun pointing towards his victim, threatening to shoot her. When the victim reached her house she called the police.The officer attending the case noted that the victim was in state of hysteria. The victim was found very upset and could not speak. Likewise, it was also noted that the v ictim was only made to give a statement after a series of attempts of making her relay the incident, which lasted for fifteen to twenty minutes[2].The testimonies given by the victim and the attending officer were admitted in the court as evidence on the basis of hearsay rules and exceptions. The defendant, appeals on the court’s decision on his conviction on the basis of contrive or misrepresentation and that the testimony of the attending officer on the accounts of the crime of the victim should be excluded as hearsay.Issue:Â  The issue is whether the testimony given by the attending officer regarding the accounts of the victim on the crime of attempted kidnapping should be excluded as hearsay.[1]Cases Relating to Chapter 12, 747.

Gender culture and ethnicity

The understanding of the terms gender, ethnicity, and culture and their influence on the family is the core factor in this paper. These terms have diverse definitions though the understanding is basically the same. This is because the terms are applied differently in different social set-ups. Culture can refer to the common beliefs, values, symbols and meanings, passed on from one generation to another in time.Ethnicity would refer to a common ancestral linage, sense of belonging, and is a major factor in the determination of identity through which communities evolve and develop common value systems and. Gender, as a term has two components mainly role and identity it is the characteristics that society and individuals attach to males or females. Gender identity is the private sense of being masculine or feminine. While gender roles are the prescribed expectations of society towards men or women. Table of contents Abstract 2 Introduction 4Understanding of gender, culture, and ethnici ty 5 Family rituals, traditions, and transitions 7 Conclusion 9 Reference †¦10. Introduction The combined roles of gender, ethnicity, and culture have an important impact in any family set-up. While gender identity is a private perception of being masculine of feminine the expectations of society is what mainly determines an individual’s perception of the same (McGoldrick et al 1996). Although the roles of gender are dictated by the greater society transitions in families and exposure can bring a shift from the norm.While culture would refer to the common beliefs, values, symbols and meanings, passed on from one generation to another in time (Goldenburg & Goldenburg, 2000), this is always subject to change as value systems are dynamic and are influenced by outside factors such as education and to a large extent globalization and its effects on individuals. While ethnicity would refer to a common ancestral linage and sense of belonging (McGoldrick et al,1996), it does not change what changes is its influence in the individual’s interpersonal relationships as other factors come into play.These factors are mainly exposure and education. Understanding of gender, culture, and ethnicity A three-generation family genogram. Legend Examples of gender roles in my family of origin. The gender roles in my family of origin were not quite clearly spelt out. This is because as society in Chile would demand the men were the family bread winners, and they carried the family’s vision. However, we were brought up from a tender age by our mother almost single handedly. The reason being my father had an alcoholic problem which led into a troubled marriage ending in divorce.My mother had to work to bring us up. The preservation of family traditions is the prerogative of the man and this was done by our paternal grandfather. Now that he is quite old, family traditions are no longer adhered to unlike the case in the past. People of different race or ethnic o rientation, were not welcome in our family. The major reason being the older generation was not accommodating to them. The feeling among the family was the people of different race or ethnicity were second class citizens.The roles of men and women were not clear since in my family my father was absent and my mother performed the roles that society regarded as masculine such as working to raise the family. Women were normally expected to stay at home as housewives taking care of the children and day-day household chores. An outsider is any person who does not belong into our family ancestral blood-line or assimilated into the family by way of marriage. These were treated with suspicion and at times contempt. Whereas an insider is that person born into the blood-line or married into the family line, and were treated with respect.These messages have broadened my view of interpersonal relationships. Biases, prejudices, and stereotypes. Biases, prejudices, and stereotypes learnt: I came to look down upon domestic servants as a low class people. This is basically from the stereotyping in our society, since these jobs were mainly for the uneducated and were lowly paid. People of different color or ethnicity were seen as second class and were marginalized in every sphere of life including the job market. Education in our family was seen as the only means to getting acceptable standards of living. Family rituals, traditions, and transitionsRituals in my family. Saying prayers every day before dinner was a ritual our family grew up with. This occurred because my mother was a strong religious woman who instilled moral and religious values in us. She was a strong Catholic woman and prayers were the family cornerstone. Since my paternal grandparents are still alive and are the stronger side of our family, the entire family as well as the extended family needs to congregate at our grandparents’ home for holidays like Christmas. This will bring our father back into th e family as we spend time together and reflect on the events of our lives as a family in the past year.It will help all the family appreciate each other and provide room for change where necessary. In developing a ritual for a family one has to first understand the daily or calendar routine of the family. A family ritual assists the family to develop close bonding. Spending good quality time together especially at the dinner table is one ritual that would serve this purpose. At this time the family members would reflect on the events of the day and issues that arise can be discussed at this time. Dinner needs to be served at a time convenient to all members of the family.This will assist the family to grow as a close knit unit where each family member is responsible for the general well being of the family as a whole. A tradition in my family. As we grew up one tradition was to visit our paternal grandparents every holiday. We would spend time with them at the beach over the summer holidays for as long as two months. They were a loving couple and very close to their family. The time we would spend with them helped me as I grew to appreciate family bonding as I felt the love and warmth they gave to all of us. This affected me directly because I did not see the same love and affection between my own parents.My parents were divorced after a troubled marriage, since my father was an alcoholic. The time spent with our grandparents made me appreciate the institution of marriage as a life-long commitment. Transition in my family. One major transition in our family was my father’s alcoholic problem. Alcoholism destroyed our family structure in that my parents got divorced when we were young children and we were brought up by our mother almost single-handedly. In my country Chile, men were the bread winners and household heads while women were basically housewives. This was however not the case in our family. Our family was a woman-headed household.It was my mot her who instilled religious and moral values in us. She was the one who carried the family burden although our father would help us occasionally. A tradition in my family that needs to be changed. A tradition that needs to be changed in our family is that of employing maids, chauffeurs and all sorts of servants. As much as this helps in the growth of the national economy in terms of employment, at the family level it drains family resources and also encourages a dependency syndrome in the children. This is because they grow up seeing other people do things for them, and therefore lack a sense of responsibility.It does not help in molding children into responsible adults. This tradition needs to be changed and families should only employ a minimal number of servants leaving the children and young adults with some responsibilities to take care of. This would help our family in that the men would grow up dealing with their responsibilities as society demands and not leave their househo lds to be headed by their wives. The women will grow to be strong women like our mother being able to provide for their families even when the men neglect responsibilities.Conclusion In conclusion, the influence of gender, culture and ethnicity has greatly molded my family. Gender, culture and ethnicity need to be understood in a modern sense since they are the major sources of stereotyping. The influence of exposure and education is what has positively impacted on the families inter personal relationships. References Goldeburg, I. , Goldenburg, H. (2000). Family therapy 5th ed. Australia: Brooks/Cole McGoldrick, M. , Giordano, J. , & Pearce, J. (1996). Ethnicity and family therapy. New York. Guilford

Background check of hiring employee Essay Example for Free

Background check of hiring employee Essay In nowadays, background check of hiring employee is practicing by almost all agencies. Point is that, the skills of the applicant can be, somehow, figured out. It is much more difficult to assess the level of trust, honesty, mental toughness, and loyalty. Reading through chapter 9, and conducting a slight research, my answers to the questions of the given scenario are as follows: 1.Do temporary agencies have a â€Å"duty† to run background checks? If so, did Robert half â€Å"breach that duty?† Why or Why not? According to the law of negligence, temporary agencies should follow the duty policy on background check on pre-employment, in order not to satisfy an element of negligence. In case of Robert Half International Inc., and Fox Associates, Inc., I don’t think, that duty was breached, the company trusted to provided information by Ms. Ross about herself, and she got good recommendations from her former employers. At some extend, it is a background check. 2.The court ruled against Fox Associates. Was the court correct? Do you think Fox should have done its own background check? Why or Why not? I agree with the court decision, that it was determined that duty is not breached, because it happened unknowingly. Even though the company recommended the employee, Fox could do its own background check as well. 3.The fact pattern mentions that Sunbeam suffered similar damages when it failed to do its own background check on Mr. Dunlap, its former CEO. Who was more at fault, Sunbeam or the Executive search agency? In this case, the fault has an Executive search agency more, than Sunbeam, as it its straight duty to check background before approve for hiring. However, Sunbeam is liable for its losses also, because it should request and check the information about hiring employer. 4.Strategically and legally speaking, why do you think the former employers said nothing about Ms. Ross’ history and gave her good recommendations? There could be some reasons: 1). the former employers might feel sympathetic towards Ms. Ross, and they don’t believe that she has stolen any funds; 2) Ms. Ross, indeed a good specialist in her field; and the last 3) The former employers just didn’t tell the truth. 5.Develop one  unique background check policies for your company on employees hired through a search firm or temp agency. The main idea on background check which I’d like to develop, besides gathering information, confirmation of address, criminal records searches, is that pre-employee will answer some â€Å"simple† questions, which will ask him/her the same, but in different manner, and maybe I would add some psychological tests, which will let me know if that employee was capable to do something unethical in his past work experience. Background check of hiring employee. (2017, Feb 12).

Parkinson's Disease Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Parkinson's Disease - Essay Example This disease is accompanied by a depletion of nerve cells in the substantia nigra. It is a neurological condition, in which there is reduction in the dopamine levels of the brain. The outcome is a large number of problems relating to the voluntary movement in muscles. The principal symptom of Parkinson’s disease is impaired physical movement. In addition, some patients develop loss of understanding, and a poor comprehension of involved sentences; which has been ascribed to shortcomings in grammatical processing (Angwin, Chenery and Copland 239 – 240). It is a long – term degenerative disease. Presently, there is no neuroprotective or regenerative treatment for this disease. The medical management of this disease is consequently, limited to improving the quality of life of individuals afflicted with Parkinson’s disease. Many strategies have been developed to reduce the impact of the disease and to enhance the quality of life of its patients. The recent trend has been to garner the subjective experience of persons suffering from this disease and to develop therapeutic methods that rely on the patient’s perspective (Schrag 151). Neurosurgery provides considerable relief, in respect of the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease. The chief techniques, employed in such interventions are deep brain stimulation, which involves the exercise of control over specific symptoms, via electronic stimulation. The transmission of anomalous signals is prevented in this technique. The instrument utilized in such stimulation has been termed as a brain pacemaker. Another important technique is thalamotomy, in which some genres of tremor are curbed by effecting a lesion on a part of the brain. Finally, pallidotomy is a surgical procedure that reduces dyskinesias, by means of a cerebral lesion (Parkinsons disease - treatment). Several drugs are available, which have been seen to be reasonably effective in alleviating the symptoms of Parkinson’s disease.

Antitrust Law Case Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Antitrust Law Case - Essay Example The antitrust laws are enforced by the public and private sectors. The United States department of justice antitrust division and the federal trade commission divide the responsibility for investigating and litigating cases under the Sherman act, and they also consider potentially anticompetitive merges under the Clayton act. In the private sector, any person that is injured in his business or property by a violation of antitrust laws is at liberty to bring an action in court. A prevailing plaintiff is entitled to recover treble damages, costs of suits and also attorney’s fee. The private parties are sanctioned to obtain injunctive help to prevent threatened damages or losses. Most antitrust lawsuits are mostly by private litigants in search of damages for breach of federal and state antitrust laws. The Sherman act is not explicit about the prohibited conduct. On the Other hand, the Clayton act is a bit particular about activities that may be illegal. However, only when such c onduct substantially lessens competition or leads to the creation of monopoly in any line of commerce neither of any that it is defined in the status. The selling gasoline for less than cost violates the act because, Section 1 of the Sherman act contracts, partnership or conspiracies in restraint of trade, prohibits every contract, combination, in the form of trust or otherwise or conspiracy in restraint of trade or commerce among the several states or with foreign nations. A restraint of trade can be defined as an agreement between two or more individuals or entities that affect the process of competition. On the other hand, under this approach also contracts for the purchase and sale of a single

Reasons why scientist believe the global climate is in the state of Essay

Reasons why scientist believe the global climate is in the state of crisis - Essay Example Earth’s energy budget constitutes the shortwave radiation net flow into the earth from the sun and the long wave radiation out to space. The weather and climate experienced on Earth are determined by the amount and distribution of incoming radiation from the sun. For an equilibrium climate, outgoing long wave radiation (OLR) necessarily balances the incoming absorbed solar radiation (ASR). However, there is a great deal of fascinating atmosphere, ocean, and land phenomena that couple the two. Greenhouse gas warming is caused by a shift in this balance where OLR is reflected back to the surface by the atmosphere. This reflection is due to the presence of heat-trapping gases (greenhouse gases) in the atmosphere. These gases include: carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide. Naturally this reflection helps maintain the life sustaining surface temperature of the earth. Human activities have however increased the concentration of these gases; specifically carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere has been building up since the advent of the industrial revolution in the mid-1700s, mainly due to the burning of fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas) and the cutting down of forests. Human activities have also increased the emissions of other greenhouse gases, such as methane, nitrous oxide, and halocarbons. Halocarbon emissions come from the release of certain manufactured chemicals to the atmosphere. Examples include chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which were used extensively in refrigeration and for other industrial processes before their presence in the atmosphere were found to cause stratospheric ozone depletion. Methane concentration has increased mainly as a result of agriculture; raising livestock (which produce methane in their digestive tracts); mining, transportation, and use of certain fossil fuels; sewage; and decomposing garbage in landfills. About 70%

The Importance of Market Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Importance of Market - Research Paper Example The focal company in this task is Verizon Wireless that in the telecommunications industry. There are different strategies that Verizon uses and I will analyze each one of them. One it deals with product research this it ensures that clients have different varieties to choose from and this is important as it ensures that clients have enough choice. This helps boost taste and preference of the employees and it is also important to note that in product research a lot of analyzes are done to ensure that the business can stand diversification (Austin, 2013). For a product to be set up to a final entity a lot has to be done and research and development come into place. This brings out the question that also marketing research is included for Verizon products. For example the new offer that will keep the telecommunications customers have to be influenced by conducting marketing research to identify the best suitable offer. It is not only the idea of choosing whether to use marketing research it is important but the best method of marketing research. It is important to ask whethe r to use survey, personal interview, observation and free trials. These are best regulated by the cost which they will incur and what is the best effective way. Verizon wireless cannot also ignore the importance of using advertising research. It is important to note that consumers need to receive information about a product and the company they are following closely as this will be important to further their agenda in progress and also help in receiving feedback. Verizon wireless been in the communication industry has to be up to date with any new changes and see to it they have adjusted this will ensure some new sanity to the firm and its client. The art of communication cannot be complete without the root to feedback as this is what ensures that what was accessed by the viewers was received by the targeted or focus group (Victoria,

Apply for Mount Saint Vincent University for master of education Essay

Apply for Mount Saint Vincent University for master of education - Essay Example Most of the studies have indicated that every individual that receives the opportunity to study, experiences a learning process of around 14 to 18 years, depending on the education system of every country. Subsequently, such an individual is considered good enough to perform rightly and efficiently in his/her professional life. However, recent researches and studies have initiated a new and innovative concept of lifelong learning, which motivates and encourages individuals to continue the process of learning throughout their lives. A limited process of learning of 14 to 18 years is not considered effective enough to facilitate individuals throughout their lives. In other words, the concept of learning has been broadened in terms of its duration, as well as, attitude, which will allow individuals, as well as, societies to enrich through new ideas, discussion, and dialogues in an intellectual and interactive manner. (Holmes, pp. 23-25) In terms of academic background, I have received my undergraduate degree from King Khalid University, Saudi Arabia. My passion for learning and enthusiasm for enrichment of emotional maturity has resulted in application at one of the reputable educational institutions, Mount Saint Vincent University in Halifax, Canada. In specific, I am interested to attain the Masters Degree in Lifelong Learning, as I have been able to attain tremendous respect for this concept of learning after its detailed analysis, as earlier mentioned in the paper. One of the significant characteristics of Lifelong learning is that it offers a combination of pedagogical and andragogical perspective of learning by the provision of teacher-focused education with amalgamation of a broader perception of learning through focusing learners from all age groups, sects, races, and academic background. (Harrison, pp. 42-43) In specific, Lifelong learning offers

Discuss the interrelationship between the exchange rate regime and Essay

Discuss the interrelationship between the exchange rate regime and viability of the alternative approaches to resolving a balanc - Essay Example Since balance of payments accounts have to be balanced therefore a change in the exchange rate between the domestic and foreign currencies can actually create the balance. In order to re-balance the accounts the overall adjustment in the exchange rate regime of the country can play significant role. Thus equilibrium in balance of payments accounts could be achieved through subsequent adjustment of the exchange rates in the economy. There are however, different approaches underlying the balance of payments and it’s interlinking with the exchange rate regimes. The traditional analyses through IS-LM framework, monetarist approach as well as structural approaches are the key economic analysis frameworks underlying the issue of balance of payments. This paper will therefore attempt to discuss and explore the exchange rate regimes and the viability of the alternative approaches to resolve the balance of payments issues faced by the economies over the period of time. Balance of Payme nts and Exchange Rates Before discussing alternative approaches and their viability in resolving the balance of payment issues, it is critical to discus and set the theoretical foundations of the balance of payments and it’s interlinking with exchange rate regimes. ... The overall purpose is to keep the record of the flow of goods, services and capital moving to and from the country.( Krugman & Obstfeld, 2009) There are two parts of the balance of payments accounts i.e. current and capital account and both sum to zero at the end of period. Current account shows all the trade and factor income includes exports, imports whereas the factor income side includes both the payments and the earnings. The capital account however records the changes in the capital asset base of a country thus the changes in the assets of the country take place when domestic and foreign assets of the country change hands. It is also argued that the major changes in the balance of payments arise due to the changes in the capital account. (Beko ,2003). It is the movement in the capital that potentially explains the changes which take place in the balance of payment as well as the exchange rate of a country. Balance of payments Crisis Balance of payment however, can become a sig nificant issue as at the macroeconomic level, it tends to create important political implications. Balance of payments crisis can emerge when a country is actually unable to pay for its essential imports or cannot service its debt comfortably. This normally occurs owing to the changes in the exchange rate of a country which can register a sharp decline in value during the crisis.( Hallwood & MacDonald, 2000). Apparently such crisis emerge when countries initially experience heavy capital inflows however, after a certain point, considering the overall risk associated with the international debt, investors tend to withdraw their capital in haste thus putting pressure not only on the balance of payments accounts of a country but also on its exchange rate. Capital outflows in

ADR in England and Wales Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

ADR in England and Wales - Essay Example This paper highlights that the most complex and far-reaching of these changes is a challenge to the traditional model of the lawyer as a manager of war — the strategic and skilful facilitation of peace now appears to be equally important. The increasing acceptance of ADR processes within civil litigation has immediate practical consequences for legal practice.   This paper outlines that reforms have been initiated in court proceedings and in the private sector as well in the UK and the whole of Europe, the impact of which can be seen and felt by all stakeholders. Tribunal Adjudication and Alternative Dispute Resolution Before starting an analysis of the new issues emerging from this shift in the provision of civil justice through alternative means in England and Wales, a thorough understanding of the related concepts of tribunal adjudication and alternative dispute resolution can help in enhancing? There is nothing new in the English legal system employing specialist tribunals to resolve disputes over a vast panorama of issues historically. There has been an over-crowding of cases because of the making of new kinds of laws such as ‘social security law’ since World War II. At present, tribunals negotiate over a quarter of a million cases each year, which equals more than the total of all County Court and High Court cases. The rol e of Tribunals is, therefore, crucial in the English court system because of the quantity of cases handled by them. They also play a significant part for their unique processes and means of adjudication. These tribunals differ from traditional civil and criminal courts in their missions and aims. The difference between courts and tribunals Difference between a ‘court’ and a ‘tribunal’ is that a tribunal is formed by Parliament in the same way a court hears specific grievances or particular issues of dispute.  

Natural monopoly Essay Example for Free

Natural monopoly Essay This report studies what are the various sources of monopoly and real life examples for each source. It analyses how each of these businesses grew into a monopoly and substantiates the analysis with actual facts figures (wherever available). Methodology of study: The subject has been divided into sub-topics based on the source out of which the monopoly arises. The report begins with the introductory analysis of the monopoly functioning. Each source has then been studied with reference to one real life example followed by the conclusion. What defines a Monopoly – Its Characteristics: Profit Maximizer, Price Maker, High Barriers to Entry, Single seller, Price Discrimination: Major sources of monopolies: 1. Ownership of strategic resources: A monopoly is likely to arise if a firm has complete control over a key input or resource used in production. Famous example is diamond trade monopoly firm De Beers. 2. Government regulations: A government-granted monopoly (also called a de jure monopoly) is a form of coercive monopoly by which a government grants exclusive privilege to a private individual or company to be the sole provider of a commodity. Potential competitors are excluded from the market by law, regulation, or other mechanisms of government enforcement. 3. Patents: Patents grant the inventor the exclusive right to produce a product for 20 years (new worldwide patent period established with a 1995 GATT agreement). By granting the right to produce a new product without fear of competition, patents provide incentive for companies or individuals to continue developing innovative new products or services. For example pharmaceutical companies spend large sums on research and development and patents are essential to earning a profit. 4. Natural monopoly: A natural monopoly is a company that experiences increasing returns to scale over the relevant range of output and relatively high fixed costs. A natural monopoly occurs where the average cost of production declines throughout the relevant range of product demand. When this situation occurs, it is always cheaper for one large company to supply the market than multiple smaller companies. An early market entrant that takes advantage of the cost structure and can expand rapidly can exclude smaller companies from entering and can drive or buy out other companies. Monopoly through ownership of key resource: De Beers Diamonds are one of the worlds, and specifically Africa’s, major natural resources. An estimated US$13 billion worth of rough diamonds are produced per year, of which approximately US$8. 5 billion are from Africa (approximately 65%). Global diamond jewellery sales continue to grow, increasing three-fold in the past 25 years, and are currently worth in excess of US$72 billion every year. Chronology over which DeBeers has become one of the world’s most powerful monopolies:1. Ownership of all South African diamond mines: Smaller groups needing common infrastructure form diggers committees and small claim holders wanting more land merge into large claimholders to form larger ones. In no time, it could establish De Beers consolidated mines. 2. Supply and Demand control: The Diamond Trading Company has been formed. The mantra is: Create a scarcity of diamonds and high prices will follow. And while other commodities have seen price fluctuations over the years, diamonds prices have climbed since the Great Depression mostly. Demand has also been consistently good over the years irrespective of economic scenario. [pic] [pic] 3. Business model: De Beers and its Central Selling Organization established exclusive contracts with suppliers and buyers, making it impossible to deal with diamonds outside of De Beers. The structure remained the same for much of the 20th century: A De Beers subsidiary would buy the diamonds. De Beers would determine the amount of diamonds they wanted to sell, and at what price, for the whole year. How the monopoly functions: Sends invitations to 250 chosen clients to attend the 10 annual â€Å"sights â€Å"client receives a small box: uncut diamonds price of the box ($1-$25 million) client can only buy the whole box and he cannot resell it in a rough form. Thus, De Beers decides: How many diamonds of each quality will be distributed in total. How this supply will be divided among the clients and the Price of diamonds. 5. The creation of Debswana: A joint venture between the company and the nation of Botswana meant a significant shareholding claim in De Beers by the African country. 6. Marketing campaigns: Coined world famous marketing campaign, A diamond is forever† 7. Antitrust laws of US and conflict with various governments: During its initial years, it controlled over 90% of world’s diamond production but over time, it has lost its monopoly to various controversies and oppositions from countries with great stockpiles. [pic] Source: CNN Money Report 8. Statistical graphs showing how De Beers fared over years in its sales, production and profitability: [pic] Source: De Beers Group Website [pic] [pic] Source: Rapaport Trade Report [pic]. Above graph indicates how competitors have dampened the monopoly of DeBeers over the years. Like ALROSA, De Beers needs to be assured of a sustainable level of demand for its goods. Monopoly through govt. owned strategic resources: Coal India limited CIL is the worlds largest coal mining company both in terms of proven coal reserves and coal production. It is entirely owned by the union government, under the administrative control of the Ministry of Coal. It is involved in coal mining and production and contributes around 81. 1 per cent of Indias coal production. It produced around 431. 32 million tons of raw coal in fiscal 2011. CIL currently operates eight subsidiaries, of which, seven are involved in coal production while the eighth is Central Mine Planning and Design Institute (CMPDI) which is involved in mine planning and other consultancy services related to mining. The seven coal-producing subsidiaries of CIL: Eastern Coalfields Ltd (ECL) ,Bharat Coking Coal Ltd (BCCL),Central Coalfields Ltd (CCL),Northern Coalfields Ltd (NCL),Western Coalfields Ltd (WCL),South Eastern Coalfields Ltd (SECL),Mahanadi Coalfields Ltd (MCL)[pic] Outlook on demand, supply, and imports of non-coking coal and cooking coal in India over the next five years: CRISIL Research expects the total demand for non-coking coal to grow at 10 per cent CAGR over the next 5 years (2012-13 to 2016-17). Production of non-coking coal is expected to rise only at a CAGR of 7 per cent from 2012-13 to 2016-17. Consequently, imports are set to increase to 196 million tonnes by 2016-17 from 83 million tonnes in 2011-12. Growth in steel production through the blast furnace route and pig iron production are expected to increase coking coal demand, to 68 million tonnes in 2016-17 from 38 million tonnes in 2011-12 rising at 12. 4 per cent CAGR over the next five years. On the other hand, coking coal production is expected to rise to 60 million tonnes in 2016-17 at a CAGR of only 6. 6 per cent. CIL hike domestic coal prices in February 2011 Coal India Limited (CIL) has increased the prices of different grades of coking and non-coking coal with effect from February 28, 2011. For the first time in its history, CIL adopted a differential pricing approach by increasing the prices of coal for industrial end-use sectors such as steel, cement, paper, and aluminum, while effecting only a marginal increase in the prices of coal for deemed essential services such as power utility, fertilisers, and defense sectors. This differential pricing is intended to bring the prices of coal consumed by non-priority sectors in line with the international coal prices. Cement and sponge iron players to be affected. The Economic Survey has said that Coal India Ltds (CIL) â€Å"near monopolistic† position has also led to â€Å"supply bottlenecks†. Calling for infusing competition in the domestic coal sector, due to the CIL’s dominance there have been delays in development of new coal fields and inadequate emphasis on cost reductions at operational levels. [pic] Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry (FICCI) said the Government should take steps to end the monopoly of Coal India and allow private players in coal mining. As regards coal, today our imports are 15 per cent. By the end of the 12th plan, imports are going to be 28 per cent, he said, adding currently power plants with 22,000 MW capacities are suffering due to lack of availability of coal. What can be done to reduce monopoly of CIL India 1. The gap between demand for coal and domestic availability is widening at a faster pace. There is perhaps need to introduce competition in this sector India must bring in more private miners to develop coal reserves which majority state-owned Coal India Ltd has left untapped.. It will push up the cost of power generation and the resultant pressure on the regulated tariffs in the power sector. Therefore, both the factors should be considered. 2. Coal pricing is also a major issue. It has to be transparent, flexible and based on global norms. Monopoly through the ‘Patent’ way : In the highly competitive pharmaceuticals sector where development programmes last for years and have budgets ranging into six-figure sums, maintaining a monopoly position for an important drug is key to commercial success. Only by securing a monopoly can a company justify the very significant investment of time and funding into the pre-clinical and clinical development necessary to support the stringent requirements for grant of a marketing authorization. The mechanisms for achieving this include: †¢ Patent protection †¢ Supplementary protection certificate †¢ Data exclusivity †¢ Orphan drug status. The European framework for pharmaceutical regulation and authorization attempts to protect the investment of companies in their innovations by providing periods of so-called data exclusivity. The Food and Drug Administration can also protect the company’s exclusive access to the market, independent of the patents. Such exclusivity prevents FDA approval for a competing drug for up to seven years, depending on the type of drug. In addition to the market exclusivity and patents, drug companies already receive incentives to develop so-called orphan drugs used to treat rare diseases. These incentives include FDA research grants, tax credits for up to 50 percent of the cost of clinical research and a waiver of FDA fees. Fewer drug companies competing in a therapeutic class leads to fewer prescription drugs being developed within that class and allows the companies to use their patents and market exclusivity to further increase prices. Effect on price of the Drug before and after Patent expiry The following graph shows the effect on price of the drug when the patent gets expired and more and more generic manufacturers enter into the marketplace. Initially the price of the drug is very high but as patent gets expired and more manufacturers comes in the price of the drug falls[pic] Effect on revenues earned by company before and after patent expiry: The following graph depicts the effect of the revenues due to patent. Initially the revenues earned are in negative because of huge initial investment that is required for the launch. The next few years the revenues earned increases every year till the year when the patent gets expired and more players enter into the market and the revenue earned by the company goes down. [pic]. The case of Zyprexa : Zyprexa (olanzapine), an antipsychotic for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar disorder is an atypical antipsychotic medication by Eli Lilly. The patent of which got expired in October 2011, generated more than 20 percent of the company’s total revenue in the year-ago quarter. With new generics now competing in the market, revenue from the drug slid 44 percent to $749. 6 million from $1. 34 billion [pic] The case of Ambien (Zolpidem by Sanofi aventis): The first drug to compete with Ambien was Sonata (active ingredient Zaleplon) introduced to market in 1999, but did little to compete with Ambien. In fact, it did not even make the list of top 200 selling drugs from 2003-2007. By that time Ambien had already captured most of the United States insomnia market. Ambien and Sonata held the market until 2005 when Lunesta (active ingredient eszopiclone) was approved. Lunesta’s popularity steadily grew and sales remain around $900 million. All three drugs are structurally similar, and act on the same class of receptors. The sales of Ambien continued to stay strong until its patent expired in 2007. Shortly after, 13 generic drugs manufactures got approval to manufacture Zolpidem and the sales of Ambien fell from about 2 billion to less than 1 billion. [pic] Total yearly sales of Ambien and Lunesta. A case of Natural Monopoly: Indian Railways At the centre, there is a Union Minister of Railways, under whom there are two Minister of State for Railways. At the national level, the Railway Board is responsible for formulation of policies and effective operation of railways. Operating ratio was 91. 1 percent in 2010-11, improved to 95. 0 percent in 2011-12. How it became a monopoly: IR is a classic example of a public monopoly. Historically, this monopoly was a necessity since construction of railway infrastructure required large resources, investment involved long gestation periods and returns were uncertain. Capital Intensive venture, which can be understood from the fact that Indian railways has a separate budget each year 1. Economies of scale, as Indian railways operate all over India and thus have sufficient operating domain to achieve economies of scale which a new entrant cannot easily replicate 2. Government rules and regulations Factors that enabled railways to engage in price discrimination using up part of consumer surplus: 1. The products or services of Indian railways are not resalable and thereby restricts its discount customers to become resellers and benefit from arbitrage. 2. It has monopoly and hence is able to dictate the pricing terms and conditions to a greater extent, in spite of being owned and regulated by Indian government. Degrees of price discrimination, the tools that express monopolist’s power and capacity of price making: Second degree price discrimination: Usually monopolist sets the block prices, under which prices are highest for first block of quantity bought and it is reduced for each successive purchase. Indian railways charge for every kilometer which is reduced as one travels longer and longer. Thus a train ticket for the Rajdhani’s 1st AC between Bangalore to Delhi (Rs 4555) is lesser than the cost of two 1st AC tickets one from Bangalore to Nagpur (Rs 3245) and Nagpur to Delhi (Rs 2845). The cost differences are negligible if any for providing the same seat on the same train on same day. The price differences are much more than what can be explained by cost, hence this is a case of second degree price discrimination. | |Bangalore to Delhi |Bangalore to Nagpur |Nagpur to Delhi | |Rajdhani 1st AC fares |4555 |3245 |2845 |. * Source: www. irctc. co. in Third degree price discrimination: Here, price usually varies by attributes such as location of purchase, customer segment etc. Indian railways heavily employs third degree of price discrimination as below: |Train |Child (5-12 years) |Citizen (12 60 years) |Senior Citizen (M, F) | |Sampark Kranti |1873 |3560 |2548, 1873 | |Rajdhani |2330 |4555 |3220, 2330 | |Karnataka Express |1806 |3427 |2455, 1806 | |Discount Code |Description |Discount Percent | |SPORTN |Sports National Level |50% | |STDNT |Student Concession |50% | |TEACHR |Teacher |25% | |TLSMIU |Thalassemia Patient |50%. | |KIDNEU |Kidney Patients |50% | |YTH2SR |Unemployed Youth for Interview |100% | * Source: www. irctc. co. in Statistical data showing the indispensable monopoly of Indian railways: [pic] [pic][pic] Conclusion: Whilst we want to be in a perfect competition, sometimes it isn’t possible due to multiple constraints. Sometimes, it is also useful especially when it comes to cost efficiency in terms of natural monopolies. And then there are cases of strangle holding system to exert monopoly like De Beers. All these play different roles under different situations. Going by the examples we discussed, there may not be complete monopoly due to inherent monopoly’s inefficiencies and a constant push to improve market equilibrium for the social welfare of the society. References: 1. Unvieling the diamond industry – 2011 report – Bain and Company 2. www. diamondcouncil. org 3. http://www. businessinsider. com/history-of-de-beers-2011-12? op=1#ixzz25KFAEdXk 4. Crisil Research Report – Coal India Limited 5. Railway Budget Highlights 2011-2012, Govt. of India report. 6. www. irctc. co. in 7. Indian Pharmacy Society Report 8. Sanofi Aventis Annual Report.

The Phantom of the Opera Essay Example for Free

The Phantom of the Opera Essay The phantom of the opera is e novel by a French writer Gaston Lecroux. It was first published us a serialization in a French daily newspaper named â€Å"Le Gaulois† from September 1909 to January 1910. This story sold very poorly upon publication In book form and it was even out of print several times during the twentieth century . But the book is overshadowed by the success of its various film and stage adaptations The most notable of these were the 1925 American silent horror film depiction and Andrew Webbers Musical on 1986 The story take place in Paris on nineth century and is a romantic drama with a little action . There are three main characters , Eric , Christine and Raoul. Un fortuanally they are a love triangle with cristine in the middle . Raoul was cristine; s childhood friend . He saved her scarf from the sea and since they remained friends. Cristine’s mother and father both being dead and she lives with Mamma Valerious , the elderly window of her father’s benefecrtor Cristine’s father was a famous fiddler who played folk music and during her childhood Cristine listen many stories from her father about the â€Å"Angel of Music† who is the personification of musical inspiration. Before he died told her and Roul the story of Little Lotte , a girl who is visited by the Angel of the Music and possesses a heavenly voice Eventually Christine take a position in the chorus at the Paris Opera House. She begins hearing a beautiful, unearthly voice which sings to her and speaks to her. She believes this must be the Angel of Music and asks him if he is. The Voice agrees and offers to teach her a little bit of heavens music. The Voice, however, belongs to Erik, a physically deformed and mentally disturbed charismatic genius who was one of the architects who took part in the construction of the opera. He has been extorting money from the Operas management for many years. Erik kidnaps Christine to his home in the cellars. He plans to keep her there only a few days, hoping she will come to love him, and Christine begins to find him attractive but when she unmask him feeil horror by his ugly face which according to the book, resembles the face of a rotting corpse. Erik change his plans and he decides to keep her with him forever, but when Christine requests release after two weeks, he agrees on condition that she wear his ring and be faithful to him. Up on the roof of the opera house, Christine tells Raoul of Erik taking her to the cellars. Raoul promises to take Christine away where Erik can never find her and to take her even if she resists. Raoul tells Christine he shall act on his promise the following day, to which Christine agrees, but she pities Erik and will not go until she has sung for him one last time. Christine then realizes the ring has slipped off her finger and fallen into the streets somewhere, and begins to panic. The two leave. But neither is aware that Erik has been listening to their conversation or that it has driven him to jealous frenzy. During the week and that night, Erik had been terrorizing anyone who stood in his way or in that of Christines career, including the managers. The following night, Erik kidnaps Christine during a production of Faust (by drugging the gas men and switching the lights off, he spirits Christine off the stage before anyone turned the lights on). Back in the cellars, Erik tries to force Christine into marriage. If she refuses he will destroy the entire opera house and everyone inside with explosives he haw in the cellar Then Cristine realise that Raoul and Persian , an old friend of Eric’s from the past hae come to resue jer but they are trapped in Eric;s torture chamber. Attemping to save the people above she agrees to marry Eric. Raul and Percian find a way to escape and they fall into where Eric keeps the barrels of gunpowder. Fortunately, the Persian, Raoul, and Christine escaped and Erik is broken-hearted and asks them to bury him with the gold ring when he died. When the advertisement is published that â€Å"Erik is dead,† they make sure that Erik is buried next the lake. The author claims the truth of the existence of Erik. He tells that Christine and Raoul eloped to the Scandinavia. He also says that they found a skeleton under the Opera house,a skeleton which he attributes to the Opera ghost

Theories of Stress and Stress Management

Theories of Stress and Stress Management Psychology and Management of Stress Jane Jerard Outline and evaluate Selye’s (1956) General Adaptation Syndrome of stress Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome of Stress is a model that analyses an individual’s response to long term stress which is broken down into three main stages, the initial alarm stage, the interim resistance stage and finally the exhaustion stage (Nicky Hayes, 1994). If the stressor persists the individual will progress through each of the stages, and in some cases disease and even death can result. During the alarm stage the body reacts to the stressor with a ‘fight or flight’ response in which the parasympathetic nervous system is activated and hormones (e.g. adrenalin and noradrenaline) are released from the adrenal medulla (Richard Gross, 2010). If the stressor remains, the body then goes into the resistance stage during which it may outwardly appear to be functioning normally, however levels of blood glucose, cortisol (stimulated by adrenocorticotrophic hormones known as ACTH) and adrenaline remain higher than normal and the individual’s heart rate, blood pressure and breathing will be higher than normal. The individual may appear calm but they are physically and mentally at ‘action stations’ (currentnursing.com, 2014). During the final, exhaustion stage the further release of ACTH is inhibited by the hormones it has already stimulated and the levels of ACTH itself circulating in the blood. At this point the body begins to use up its energy reserves or resources and the body cannot function adequately. Blood sugar levels drop and the individual becomes vulnerable to disease and death. As Nicky Hayes (1994, p450) states ‘This [final stage] produces an immediate and strong – sometimes excessive – reaction to even mild sources of additional stress’. As a model of stress, the General Adaption Syndrome (GAS) is focused primarily on the bodies’ physiological response to stress. It does not take into account other factors influencing an individual’s response to stress such as their thoughts, perceptions or feelings and how these cognitive and psychological factors impact upon their experience of stress itself (garysturt, 2004). Nonetheless the GAS was a hugely influential model which generated a lot of further study (currentnursing.com, 2014). Folkman Lazarus’ (1984) Cognitive Appraisal Theory of stress Unlike the GAS model of stress, the Cognitive Appraisal Theory of stress focuses on an individual’s cognition of a stressor which informs their emotional response. It is ‘a theory of emotion which implicates peoples personal interpretation of an event in determining their emotional reaction’ (psychcentral, 2014). The way in which an individual interprets the stressor is significant and according to Folkman and Lazarus we respond to a stressful event or situation by making a primary appraisal, during which we assess whether the event is harmful to us either physically or in terms of our esteem, core beliefs and our values or goals (Folkman, 1986). During the secondary appraisal (which can take place before, at the same time or after primary appraisal) we consider whether we have the resources to manage the stressor; the outcome of which affects our coping strategy. Coping strategies can be understood as either: problem based; where the stressor is perceived as a challenge and we generate strategies to manage it or solutions to remove it, or emotional based; where the problem is considered to be a threat that cannot be resolved and various coping strategies such as avoidance, distancing and acceptance are employed (blackswanstress, 2014). According to the Cognitive Appraisal of Stress model then, in response to a stressor we establish if there is a threat, employ coping strategies and then reassesses the threat which results in identification of emotional responses (Nicky Hayes, 1994). Stress is viewed in a more transactional sense, as a two way process in which individuals respond dynamically to their environment. Unlike the GAS model then, cognitive approaches are of paramount importance and it is a more fluid and responsive model, recognising the importance of the individual in each and every stress response. With reference to the case study, examine the evidence that there is a link between personality and stress. There is little dispute that life events can have a dramatic effect on an individual’s mental health, and even their physical health. However an individual’s reaction to a stressor is subjective and influenced by their cognitive and psychological makeup. An individual’s experience of stress will depend upon their personality. Kobasa (1979) proposed that this response to stressful events will be determined in part by an individual’s hardiness, with those low on hardiness more likely to experience psychological and physiological illness in response to stressful life events, whilst those high on hardiness are buffered to a certain extent from the effects of stress, using research amongst executives to back up this hypothesis. Hardiness is to be understood as having a sense of commitment (both individual and work related), as having an internal locus of control and, as a positive response to change viewing it more as a challenge and less as a threat (psych.uft .ed, 2014). Other studies of personality support the work done by Kobasa, for example Ironson (2010) completed a study on disease progression in HIV in which she found that ‘Those low on optimism (25th percentile) lost CD4 cells at a rate 1.55 times faster than those high on optimism (75th percentile) †¦ reap[ing] health benefits partly through behavioural (proactive behaviour), cognitive (avoidant coping), and affective (depression) pathways’. Although some studies such as Funk Houston 1987, and Schmid Lawler 1986, have not supported or replicated Kobasa’s findings it is believed that at least in terms of cognitive processes, personality and an individual’s subjective response to life situations (stressful or not) directly impact their experience of stress, and the degree to which they experience stress (fatih.edu.tr, 2014). With reference to the case study, Nick could be described as having low levels of hardiness. Although his commitment to his work seems high it is at the expense of his sense of commitment to himself (evidenced by his persistent failure to take a lunch break). In addition his feeling out of control may indicate that he has an external locus of control and finally his rigid attitude towards his work life may suggest that he might struggle with change, viewing it more as a threat and less as an opportunity. According to Kobasa et al, this could explain why he suddenly experienced chest pains (which could be either a panic attack or symptoms of a heart condition). Nick’s GP prescribed the anti-anxiety drug Benzodiazepine to help him cope with stress symptoms. Briefly explain how benzodiazapene works on the body Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) is a naturally occurring neurotransmitter, which inhibits neuron activity in the brain. Around 40% of the brain responds to the presence of GABA and so when an individual takes benzodiazepine which boosts the activity of GBA, they experience a general calming effect, or a slowing down of the brain. ‘It [GABA] is in some ways the bodies natural hypnotic and tranquilizer’ (benzo.org.uk, 2014). The neurons are less responsive because they have become supercharged by the presence of chloride ions which have been channelled through GABA receptors. The presence of benzodiazepine (which locates itself within the GABA receptor site) serves to increase the rate at which chloride ions flood the neuron making it less responsive to other stimuli. Discuss two advantages and two disadvantages of taking benzodiazepine to relieve stress The advantages of benzodiazepines are that they are anxiolytic (relieve anxiety) and so reduce the physiological symptoms of a wide range of panic and anxiety disorders as well as phobias. They are also hypnotic and cause sleepiness which can assist with any sleep problems that an individual may experience (insomnia, or other kinds of sleep disorders often accompany anxiety). Over a short term period then, benzodiaepines can be beneficial, especially for those who suffer from anxiety and have disturbed patterns of sleep. However they are highly addictive and so cannot be used for more than a 4 week period, therefore they are not a solution in themselves and for this reason they are rarely prescribed in isolation. Usually some kind of CBT is prescribed concurrently with a course of benzodiazepine. In addition the body quickly adjusts to the drug and higher and higher doses are required to achieve the same affect. Nicks GP also suggested that he undertakes cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) Outline the main features of CBT and discuss its usefulness in treating stress. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is a practical therapy which focuses on problems in the present, rather than issues from an individual’s past. The client and the CBT clinician will agree specific goals, and a strategy and timescale at the outset. There is a strong emphasis on the therapeutic relationship between the client and the clinician and the client is much more active in terms of putting the therapy into practice; the skills and techniques learnt during each session is ‘tested’ by the client in their homework. They are to experience directly through repeated practice whether or not these techniques are effective. The general underlying assumption of CBT is that maladaptive ways of thinking stem from cognitive errors which are to be challenged systematically throughout the course of the therapy. Different disorders are characterised by different cognitive errors. Because of this there is a wide variety of CBT methods available. The way in which CBT is delivered is also flexible and includes self-help (books, DVD’s and increasingly popular PC or online formats), group CBT (particularly useful with social phobias) and CBT informed specific interventions (training courses) (Graeme Whitefield, 2007). CBT is useful in treating stress because it challenges the core assumptions we make (our maladaptive thinking) that contribute or even create our experience of stress, or our interpretation of an event as stressful or not. In the above case study, Nicks belief that he requires control in the workplace, or that controlling his work environment is an achievable goal could be challenged. His homework would include different approaches to his working day such as ensuring he takes regular breaks and he would ‘see for himself’ the cognitive errors that have resulted in the maladaptive thinking that you have to be on the go all the time at work to succeed etc. Because CBT focuses on symptoms experienced in the here and now, and because stress is just such a symptom, it (CBT) is a very effective method of treating stress with a strong evidence base to support this (it is also cost effective and efficient in terms of time). Read the following case study and: Identify two life events and two daily hassles that could be causing Selina stress Selina’s mother has been diagnosed with a terminal illness, and she has recently divorced from her husband. Both these are considered significant life events according to the Social Readjustment Rating Scale (SRRS). The scale ranks divorce as the second highest source of stress with a mean value of 73, whilst the change of health of a family member comes in at 11th on the scale with a mean value of 44. In terms of daily hassles her children frequently quarrel and she encounters congestion which can sometimes make the children late for school. How, according to Holmes and Rahe, do life events cause stress and how do they effect people in the long term? The Holmes and Rahe questionnaire identifies what it considers to be significant life events in the causation of stress, and ranks them according to the associated levels of stress that they would induce. Upon completing a questionnaire, individuals who scored highly (i.e. experienced a significant number of life events within the last twelve months) are expected to be at a greater chance of suffering from stress and developing illness than those who did not. The results of their studies showed a small positive correlation meaning that life events are part of (but not wholly) the cause of illnesses (simplypsychology, 2014). The kinds of physiological effects stress can have on the body include heart disease, high blood pressure, a repressed immune system and gastric ulcers (psychology4a, 2014). Other effects include being more prone to accidents. The underlying assumption being that these life events are negative changes and that they cause us to experience stress which in turn has a n effect on our wellbeing in the long term.

Essay --

Introduction: Vietnam is a small country located in Southeast Asia with a S-curve shape. Vietnam has three sections including North, Central part and South. Hanoi, in the North part, is the capital of Vietnam but it is not the largest city as people thought. Otherwise, Ho Chi Minh City, in the South part, is not only the largest but also the most population city, the center of economy, culture, and education, which plays the important role in the development of Vietnam. Therefore, getting knows more about Vietnam is an interesting issue including historical evolution, special features, problems and some recommendations about urban studies. Body: Historical evolution: This area was originally known as Prey Nokor, a part of the Kingdom of Cambodia, which served as an important fishing village and harbor of Khmer’s people. After that it was annexed by Vietnamese, and then city was formed thanks to the exploration of the Nguyen Dynasty. When the French was in Indochina, Saigon quickly grew up to become one of the most important cities in Vietnam. At that time, Saigon was considered as the capital of the Indochinese Union in the 1887-1901 period. In 1954, Saigon was named the capital of the Republic of Vietnam. It was one of the most important cities of Southeast Asia. In 1976, National Assembly of Vietnam decided to change the name Saigon into "Ho Chi Minh City", after the first President of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. Special features of the city: The city’s creative dynamism is the attraction, and motivation to develop the industrialization and modernization today. After 25 years of renovation, the city has made great achievements, fundamental changes in its social life, and many important contributions to the country in... .... Overpopulation: In my opinion, HCM city should issue regulation to "tighten" immigration, which include requirements such as: immigrants must prove that he/she has been living in the city more than 3 years, with an area of housing per capita is 15 m ² etc. Moreover, while residents in the city have the right to own property and access to schools and health services for a reasonable fee. Conversely, illegal immigrants are not entitled to. In some case, they have to pay double the cost of electricity and water, or triple for tuition fee. Conclusion: Despite the fact that the city has to face so many problems and challenges, Ho Chi Minh City still developes and innovates day by day. In fact, these difficulties are obviously to all cities while expanded period. Recognizing the problems and finding proper solutions, the city will develop in a better comprehensive way.

Slavey Then And Now :: essays research papers

Slavery: Then and Now When we think about slavery many things come to our mind. There are many different ways one can describe slavery. If you were to look it up in a dictionary it would say that a slave is â€Å"one who is owned and forced into service by another,† this was the definition given in the Webster’s Dictionary. But then again if you were to look it up in the Oxford Dictionary the definition given here is of one who is an â€Å"obsessive devotee.† On the whole slavery can have different meanings to different people. The meaning of slavery has a different meaning today than it did years ago. As Alex Haley wrote, slavery was difficult to explain years ago because it was going on at the time. Today when someone says the word slavery more than half of the people would think of plantations and people being forced to work the land and being mistreated. But what do you say to a little child who comes up to you and asks you want slavery is? In today’s society we can take the word slavery and put it to the modern days. Would one say that slavery only existed years ago when plantation owners would buy people to force them to do hard labor and mistreat them, or would one mention about the slavery that goes on in today’s society? What about the people who are forced to do hard labor like many years ago? Many people do not realize it but indeed we do have modern-day slavery. What is today’s modern day slavery? There are several things that can be put into today’s slavery. This is one problem that is often over looked in today’s society. It may not have as much impact as it did years ago, but if we stop and think about it, this problem is still as harsh and crude as it was years ago. I would think that up to some extent the problem has grown now because it is in fact often overlooked. For example in Sudan, as a result of an Islamic vs. Christian civil war, women and children that are mostly black and Christian are captured in raids. They are later sold as chattel slaves in â€Å"modern day slave markets†. Now the question that I have is, â€Å" Does a human life have a price?† Well according to these people it does, and the price that they decided to put on a human life has been as low as fifteen dollars.

Pool Boy :: essays research papers

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  *::* Book Report *::*   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Pool Boy was a well written story about a 15 year old boy, Brett Gerson, whose life is changed dramatically. Brett is the main character in this novel. The book Pool Boy is set in a rich part of present day California.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Let it be known that the Gerson’s are EXTREMELY rich, not just fairly rich ,extremely rich. One day Brett’s father was taken away and thrown in jail for insider trading. The Gerson family had to sell almost everything that they own to try and pay back the money to the government that they owed. They were forced to move out of their luxurious home to their great aunt Mary’s house on the â€Å"other side of the tracks†, which was the poorer side. The house isn’t much, it is filled with dust and dirt balls and the beds aren’t comfortable, but it is somewhere they can live.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The struggle begins. Brett is forced to get a job to help pay for the debt, start saving for college and just for spending money. The first job Brett gets is at a fast food restaurant. This is the kind of place that he would have never gone and ate at let alone work. He is always yelling at the boss and then the boss yelling back. This job does not work out with Brett very well.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After quitting his job flipping burgers, he takes a job with Alfie Moore, the old man that used to clean the pool at his old house. Brett never thought cleaning pools would be this tiring. Worst of all, after a hot summer day of work, Alfie and Brett can’t even take a quick swim in the pool that they just cleaned. At lunch time every day, Alfie would have a new recipe something like â€Å"tabbouleh†. He would make Brett try it whether or not he wanted to or didn’t want to. The men became close Brett could talk about his problems mostly with his dad and Alfie wouldn’t judge him, maybe a side comment here or there but not much. Often Alfie would talk about how he left his wife and child and he wishes his daughter would have given him a second chance when she was younger to make up for what he did. While cleaning pools everyday, the men became very close. One morning when Brett went over to Alfie’s house early one morning, as he did everyday, he found Alfie lying on the ground, the door was locked, Brett threw a rock threw the window to brake the glass to get in.

Mr Burak Ceylan

The social aspect of the internet is now attracting people who wouldn't otherwise have used the internet on a regular basis for any other purpose. This growing social element to the internet, web 2. 0, is also widely recognised as a commercial ground for marketing on a large scale to the now accessible millions of people around the world. Seeing as both social media and universities are very community-based, it's only fitting that Victoria University should seek to attract people towards their thriving university community by using innovative next generation marketing campaigns which take omplete advantage of the internet facilities available. In order to achieve further expansion the university needs to focus on marketing their unique selling propositions within social media to prospective sstudents across several market segments. The process of attracting sstudents to a campus is not an easy one, but if these new-age tools are used to their fullest potential by setting marketing ob jectives and detailing strategies, the extended reach of the web can make the whole of Australia aware of the many offerings of VU when comparing the university to its competitors. The Market SegmentsThe target market from a broad perspective are of course undergraduate and post-graduate sstudents who are seeking to further their educations with a bachelors or masters degree. Specifically, VU targets prospective sstudents of low socioeconomic status. This is evident from their efforts in providing many work-iintegrated-learning programs which assist the hundreds of sstudents who are struggling to make a living while studying simultaneously. The undergraduate sstudents are mostly made up of fresh high school graduates who have only recently received their Victorian Certificate of Education (VCE) or equivalent.Meanwhile, a study performed on 2008 post-graduate sstudents coincluded that around 30% of bachelor degree graduates proceed to further study immediately, while the rest come ba ck to study a post-graduate degree later on in life (Graduate Careers 2012). It's safe to assume based on these figures that many post-graduate sstudents return at a later stage in their lives to participate in post-graduate study. The market segment of post-graduates sstudents aren't only comprised of existing bachelor degree sstudents or alumni, they also consist of graduate sstudents from competing universities.VU appears to maintain a firm focus on their website, www. vu. edu. au, on servicing all areas of the student body. The website has sections pertaining to future sstudents, international sstudents, current sstudents and alumni. While the homepage and the offered online services and testimonials reaffirm the university's integrity, there aren't many elements of the website or its hyperlinks which show that VU is implementing social media and new-age marketing into their promotional efforts. To develop a marketing strategy it is necessary to break down the target market into various segments so that it's easier to know which segments to market articular product offerings to. The market segment of the undergraduate student is one with a high school certificate who is looking to make an advancement in their education as the next stepping stone in building their career. As many undergraduates are young adults who've only recently finished high school, we can conclude that many of them belong to Generation Z. Generation Z are often appropriately termed as ‘Ddigital Natives' or ‘The Internet Generation' because they spend much of their time on the internet, accessing it through their computers and mobile devices, always staying connected.This only further highlights the significance of marketing to them through the use of social media and online advertising as thousands of them can be reached ddigitally (The Courier 2011). International sstudents are a market segment which are recognised by the university as valuable, especially when considering the significance of developing an international network between sstudents who are Australian citizens and those who are from foreign countries. As of 2008 there were at least 135,000 international sstudents in Melbourne alone with the number growing with each passing year (Dunn etal 2008).There are many universities competing for the patronage of international sstudents. VU's website seems to be focused on providing convenient services such as staff visits to over 30 countries, which are personalised on some level, in order to attract potential sstudents through partnering institutions. Although it's worth noting that this information wasn't easy to access, it was hidden beneath several other sub-categories of the ‘International Sstudents' section.The use of ecommerce to try and reach international sstudents has been initiated in an effective manner, but when contrasting these efforts to competitors we can see that there are many ways in which VU is providing convenience and advice, but not so much delivering their content in an interactive way. For instance, The University of Melbourne's page on international sstudents has a small calendar operating along the right side of the page which labels upcoming events (with times, dates and addresses) in different countries.A promotional effort which allows sstudents to easily access the information required while not intruding any other elements of the page. Also cleverly placed on the page are two YouTube videos which allow international sstudents to see the realistic lifestyle of a student living in Melbourne, while enticing them towards their facilities. Post-graduates are comprised of sstudents who have already received a bachelors degree at either VU or a competing university at some stage in their lives.As mentioned previously, only 30% of existing bachelor sstudents proceed directly to post-graduate studies. This leaves 70% of the market segment outside of the universities and most probably within the workforce, difficult to reach with the current marketing efforts of many universities. Post-graduate sstudents aren't a primary focus because it's believed that if they were to return to study that they're likely to return to the facilities which they're familiar with, which is why servicing current bachelor sstudents is important for VU.The New Era of Social Media Marketing The objectives of the university are to gather and empower sstudents from diverse countries, cultures and differing socioeconomic statuses and provide them with a high quality education. Marketing objectives of the university reflect these views through their focus on the VU ecommerce user experience as well as the use of online advertising. Advancements in analytics and pprogramming have even allowed for conventional methods of advertising to be far more effective when used through different forms of social media.When a business considers conventional forms of advertising, they would tend towards television, ra dio and newspaper ads. During the period of uprising online web 2. 0 trends, the internet has arguably become a greater medium for advertising than all other forms of conventional marketing. The amount of advertising content on the internet has drastically increased over recent years with many of the world's most powerful and influential companies being focused on online marketing as it has become a science of its own with many ingenious and creative new ways of marketing a product or service (Klever 2009).One of the more interesting ideas is behavioral targeting. It's a marketing concept as old as the widespread popularity of social media. Behavioural targeting is an idea which has been incorporated into several social media forms, namely Facebook. It describes a medium in which the user doesn't have their browser experience interrupted by intrusive pop-up advertisements, but rather the advertisements flow neatly with the rest of the page's content.The most important aspect of beha vioral targeting is that the consumer's own browsing actions influence the types of advertisements on the page. Modern day website coding has been developed to the extent that the ads are a part of the entire user experience rather than a frustrating component for every consumer (Klever, 2009). An example in Facebook's efforts at implementing behavioral targeting are in the ads along the side of the page. All of these ads are catered to the individual.When users on Facebook label their interests on their profile page, or if they click the ‘Like' button on pages or comment on group pages or photos, each one of those actions are linked in the backend of the website to a category. Advertisements from each of the user's favoured categories are then automatically associated with the individual consumer and then appear alongside the page every time they log onto their Facebook newsfeed. At scale, Facebook and its partnered advertising companies have been able to provide accuracy in ad targeting by interpreting the raw data gathered while their millions of users are active.With a click-through rate much higher than many competitors who are using dated forms of online advertising (pop-ups and whatnot), Facebook and other ssimilar forms of social media (Twitter, Google Plus, LinkedIn) can effectively help VU to target the market segments who are seeking to pursue undergraduate and postgraduate studies (Constine 2012). Engaging the social web creates a bridge between customers and businesses, whereby customers veer away from mere content consumption and towards collaborating with a social media form towards the business promotions which they offer.Analytics have even found in 2009 that more than 60% of the entire worldwide online community are using social networks and primarily browse on websites with a social element to them (Evans 2010). Another form of conventional marketing dominant in the web scene is the use of mobile ads within social applications on the p hones of consumers all around the world. Hitting the market rather abruptly, the use of marketing within ssmartphone applications has taken the mobile market by storm. The world's largest tech company, Apple Inc. has innovated the mobile phone industry with their products, the iPhone and iPad. Apple is the only tech company to date with a valuation of $1 trillion US dollars. And the majority of their revenue comes from sales of their iPhone product (Burrows 2012). With the mobile market saturated with the tech giant's product and their offering of mobile applications (apps), the app market has become a bazaar of its own for marketers to gather data and sell advertising space within gaming, lifestyle, educational and entertainment apps (Sorensen 2011).This is yet another new-age way for VU to market their graduate offerings and highlight their information sessions. Educational apps are used by many high school sstudents on electronic devices and are heavily encouraged to do so by the ir teachers and schools. Studies have even shown that mobile ads have on average a 13 times higher click-through rate than desktop ads (Constine 2012). Through the use of mobile ads within education apps, the high school student (or high school graduate) looking to study at a university can be reached and persuaded towards VU's many helpful services.Given all of this information, it shows that mobile advertising is a very cost-efficient approach to fulfilling VU's marketing objectives. The Innovations of Next Generation Marketing There are also more innovative methods of online marketing. To the surprise of many, the grasp of content marketing is enormous. Aside from Facebook there are many famous blogging websites, YouTube channels and podcasts which are all examples of how good quality content posted in peak hours can attract thousands of followers to a business or to individual bloggers (Nguyen 2012).It's since been proven that the idea of viral marketing, which is content going viral and spreading infectiously tthroughout the internet, lies in content marketing within a social media interface. By producing a well-received marketing campaign, many businesses have profited well from strategies based on the ‘network effect. ‘ The network effect explains that the value of each consumer is proportional to the number of other consumers they're able to connect with (Darell 2012).VU's representatives can post content on student blog websites, YouTube channels and podcast websites in order to show what the university offers that its competitors don't. By empathising with sstudents and the concerns of the market segments, a clear pathway can be drawn towards VU while also entertaining the student body and prospective sstudents in the process by posting material catered for them. Showing that VU understands the problems encountered by current and prospective sstudents and then proceeding to demonstrate how the university can help is the key to assist thes e social media marketing efforts in going viral.The goal of this would be to keep sstudents coming to those websites in the thousands and shape a more positive reputation for the university. Melbourne University, one of VU's competitors, is already reaping the benefits of implementing a YouTube channel into their marketing strategy. Through observation alone, one can see that VU has a number of official student Facebook pages. But even while being a member of most of them myself, I don't see Facebook ads catered to myself, a current bachelors degree student.If the university were to invest in this form of promotion then each time myself and other current undergraduates login, we would see a VU ad with potential post-graduate offerings every so often, but they're simply never present. The underlying issue is that the only social media presence that the university has is just for current sstudents. It would be preferable if VU were to have a sthronger social media presence which has t he ability to span out and attract other potential future sstudents rather than provide more accessibility for current ones.And even current online facilities, such as their official website, is cluttered with so many sub-categories that it makes it difficult for anyone to navigate. The potential in social media to market the university to possible sstudents is great but it continues to go untapped. Recommendations/Conclusions More social media services and innovations are becoming popular among rising numbers of web users all over the globe. Effective marketing campaigns on the internet have the potential to reach millions of worldwide users and match advertisements to their individual needs.Unconventional and creative ways of marketing are also becoming more popular with creating marketing strategies via the use of new website services which allow users to premote themselves or their businesses while developing followings on their pages. VU has its target markets set out in front of them and they have the resources to keep up to date with social media trends by exercising the marketing expertise of many of their academic staff and even their sstudents. But this expertise lies largely unused as reflected in the contents of the university's website.Not only would it be wise for VU to make further attempts of using web 2. 0 marketing to their advantage, but VU has the power to set the university apart as an innovator in the field of promoting the use of social media as a regular factor in their marketing plans. They can innovate by creating a presence across several new and uprising social websites in order to demonstrate a new-age train of thought in applying inventive methods of creating awareness of the many services which VU offers to undergraduates, post-graduates and international sstudents alike.

Leaves a lot to be desired

Charleston, S come inh Carolina argona. plainly excluding exclusively of its faults, my succumb backchecks extradite never been late and I subsist thus far to be fit(p) off, which lay-offs be non uncommon in the DoD world. V. T. Malcolm Leaves a lot to be desired I urinate for V. T. Malcolm, we argon a Department of Defense wedgeor nail through of Charleston, SC. Our primary(prenominal) corporate authorisation is in Chesapeake, VA, we also form offices in CA and FL. Our main specialty is communications. in that respect is a Joke at Malcolm, that for a technology driven Communication gild our inter- participation communication is antiquated at crush. My al bingleeged(prenominal) rise in the companyI put whiz over nominateed in that respect for quadruple pertinacious m and whole quartet divisions I invite had preparation specialist 2 as my positive title. Titles do not mean a great deal at Malcolm. In those four years I stir held the casts of s hipping and receiving clerk, w arhouse creation, forklift operator, forklift trainer, ca proscribedchouc officer, tool way of life clerk, tool room supervisor, inventory specialist, building maintenance, wargonhouse supervisor, perfor whilece supervisor, goernment tool specialist. My rate of pay has increased a dramatic cardinal deuce-ace cents from my starting date. at that egress be no bonuses for non- managing directorial staff.If my valuation is up to sniff and the moon is in the remediate scene of action I do been lucky fair to middling to live on a Cost Of animated Adjustment of twenty-five cents for my yearly raise. some other than that we receive no other improvements in pay or incentives for our exit. It has been written multiplex clock beats in netmails and said in oppositions to be done with your conk and you provide be rewarded with much buy the farm. This has been explained that you want to do you take a shit as shortly and as dependable a s potential and your reward for this hard go away pass on be more(prenominal) invent. Meaning if they tincture that you atomic number 18 not up to reanimate or tone on your org at that tar cohere is a hypothesis you could be furloughed.At V. T. Malcolm they do not fire workers, moreover they do furlough. The idea being behind this is if you ar fired you pot collect unemployment near immediately, which Malcolm has to pay into, however if you are furloughed in that location is a sixer week betponement period (hoping that they call you back to work) enacted by the unemployment department before you merchant ship stupefy collecting unemployment. During this beat Malcolm figures you cannot go that long with let on a paycheck, so they are hoping you al imprint find another excogitate so they do not turn in to pay any extra towards your unemployment check. These are fair(a) a few ways in which they step they motivate workers to work.A sliver of trouble style a t present when I early started at Malcolm they would do an all-detention meeting reason break every six to eight week in which the general double-decker would fundamentally puff together us a resign of the company update and finish it with a grilled hamburger and hotdogs lunch with a distich of sides and a drink. Ab by a year and a half past we had a steak lunch with baked potatoes and all the dressings. head start a week subsequent we had a massive layoff of approximately half of our functional force. Since that taper we had one lunch meeting in which we were, for lack of a best term, told that we are doing k besides things are looking up.That was over six months ago and things are not looking great. thither is a large suffer that is divergence to run dry by the hold back of the year if we do not get replacement call for in that location pass on be a layoff in that department. In the department that I am shortly in we have approximately six chooses presen tly at work. However three of them are not large and do not net for more than a few months. One is in the stolon stage and is contingent on a lot of things natural in eont t the fountain and from what I understand we are essay to documentation up to the deadlines.One is in practiced swing and it is also struggling to contain up. And the last one is the one I am on, it is scheduled to end family 30th of this year. As we sit right now it is well known that we forget not be able to denounce love it successfully by the end of contract. There is currently sitting a possibility that the contract could be extended if we can show that we can do the work and meet the deadlines, only at this point with the amount of work left to do and the amount of employees currently assigned to the contract it leave aloneing be very improbable to come.Individual precaution sort I have presumptuousness you all this information to throw away you an idea of what it is like where I work. Now parcel outment wise, I will pose with myself, and tell you how I work with my employees. I am the immediate supervisor for four employees currently. I latterly had one sack to a different send off and the other left the company for a fall in Job. I have an employee who is degreed but is currently works at a low end laborer Job go for an interview on Friday for a position that is within her area of study.So in that respect is a distinct possibility soon to have only three employees which will tally it interesting n ending this contract successfully. I yield to be a very people orientated motorcoach. I have an open door indemnity with my employees and encourage dialogue flow twain ways. I want to know when something is workings and when something is not working. I ask them often if they impoverishment anything from me, if in that respect is something I could do or get for them to shuffling their Jobs easier. If the time is available for me and the workers are at a certain point where I can step in thence I get in the warehouse and work with them.On Fridays I bring in donuts in the morning, knowing which specific ones employees prefer and try to have them available. I do what I can do to have a trustworthy working relationship with the employees. I have had personal one on one meetings with the employees to get to know them give way and tell them a slender active myself. I tried to find erupt what their fears at work are and what they feel ab step forward the work they are doing, what I can do to benefactor them, and what motivates them.When I get electronic mails regarding them or that c erstwhilern them in any way I make it a point to either post the email or at to the lowest degree go to the ones involved and let them know scarcely what was said so there is complete open dialogue. Now if there is something negative happening guarding one of my employees from high up the hierarchy and I am made aware of it, depending on the offic e staff I may make the employee at least partially aware of what is happening (I would want to know if the roles were reversed, and try to keep that in mind). Group Management Style Unfortunately this type of interaction surrounded by supervisors and employees s go ons with me.My immediate supervisor has yet to come to my warehouse and check on me and the production rate since I took over from Just being a warehouse manager to both the warehouse manager and production manager which has been a teeny over a onto. When I go to his office for abet or pleader I receive short curse-filled answers, when he is there, or get told how busy he is and that he couldnt possibly do (whatever it is I ask of him) now but mayhap later in the week he might have a chance, he will get back to me. Which doesnt happen I unremarkably have to get the answer else wards or make it up myself.This is the response I receive from the project manager as well (for him it is usually by email for he is unsuff erable to locate in person). I recently sent an email to the project manager breaking down all the parturiencys we have until the end of the contract (September 30th) as per time it will rely to do them in man hours and material contended and compared that to the employees I have at my disposal, their amount of man hours left till the end of the contract and asked for a specific number of more employees to be able to complete this Job successfully by the end date.He then did not address the email I sent him but sent reveal a department wide email enquire what resources we take up to complete the travails at hand and gave a sooner oddment date. I then adjusted my numbers game and sent him back an mail asking for the adjustment, Justifying the reason wherefore and attached the preliminary email to the one that was sent out for all to see with the hopes that some good will come of it.In a later email that I was cad on he briefly mentioned that he is requesting additive fi nancial aid in areas needed but we need to strive to complete this contract with what we have since that is the task that we were originally given and at this late stage the Calvary may not arrive in time. But at the end of each email he writes motivate your people to be done with the work that they have and they will be rewarded with more work. I liken that to telling someone in captivity to each your slop ( plain though the dogs refuse to eat it) and we will give you more.From my perspective on an upward burn this is where the management skills end and threats and intimidation begins. wherefore the department head always has a mischievousness attitude and is in a hurry to be going somewhere. I have tried to have conversations with this man and it always ends with him telling me we are working on getting more contracts but right now hes not even sure if he will have a Job come tomorrow. That is the last thing you want to tell your employees near as a general manager for the Cha rleston divisions level this man is more touch on about the aesthetics of the place then how the place is actually running.We may not have working toilets (true story) but he was very up determine that our lawn usefulness was a day behind on concentrateting the grass. When the air conditioning was out in the building besides the one he works in there was a 10 day stay in getting it fixed due(p) to cost? But when it went out in his building and the part was going to take two days to get delivered, he paid extra to overnight it and have it installed the go overing day. Which by the way while waiting for the part he went headquarters because it was Just too hot to work.The place was 80 degrees. My warehouse hits 80 by eleven am and is usually hovering surrounded by 94 to 97 degrees by the time we go home. Of course we have no air conditioning and during the summer we have two small heaters. I had to pick out individual space heaters for the workers to get them close to being w arm enough to do their work. Corporate Style Management in conclusion at the corporate level, well basically if you are not in the corporate office you are an annoying little ant that keeps getting in the way.Once a year we have demos sent out for outstanding workers. It always works out the same, one award for San Diego, one award for Pensacola, one award for Charleston, and the rest for Chesapeake. all of the events and recognition on our company meshing site goes to VA. We have even had pictures of work that was done by workers in Charleston, at Charleston locations mislabel as VA Jobs. And even though there were corrections sent into the main office about that fact a re-print, correction, or update was never tell acknowledging the mistake.All of the current events are about VA, topically e have volunteered at brotherly love events and those have been overlooked to write about how the CEO ran a marathon (not for a charity, Just for his own good). The one time the CEO came t o Charleston for an all hands meeting it was to tell us that we were doing good and keep up the good work and that VA thanks Charleston for fight backing them. scour though at that moment in time Charleston had the highest amount of revenue coming into the company including all northward America entities. When you get that kind of jump then you question why virtuous is as low as it has more or less ever been?I hypothesize you have answered your own question. V. T. Malcolm used to not be like this from what I hear from the old-timers even as short of a time as seven years ago Malcolm valued their employees. Bosses used to take self-complacency in what their workers did and in reflection workers took reserve in what work they put out. after being sold four propagation and this final one to a memory company out of England I think workers are Just too rickety in their Jobs and bosses are too concerned with their Jobs and the bottom line to like what happens to the company.T he consensus is that the company will be broken away and sold enchantment by piece to the highest bidder. And that leaves everyones Job in a articulate of limbo. Management is either too egoistic or too nervous as whats going to happen next that all management training (if any) has been thrown out the window and it is apparently look out for ones own good. Meanwhile we are dictation and receiving Jobs we are not even remotely qualified for, but get them because we are the lowest bidder.Which means we have to cut costs (usually on the working man, not the overpaid administration) and thus we have multiple mistakes by workers who are making barely preceding(prenominal) minimum wage so they dont care what kind of product they put out. So we transfer everyone around hoping to make a change but we still have low skilled, low paid workers doing Jobs that are scrutinized by government employees (usually paid a lot higher) and thus the product is spurned and our management cannot fi gure out why they are receiving such low flavour work.So I have a twosome of theories first you get what you paid for, heart low paid workers gets low quality work. Second, when the only time you check the work is when it has already gone through your customers whole step Assurance program and violateed miserably, that leaves a bad taste in the SQ rep and they will be expecting poor laity work from your company so things will fail even if they are within transit range. Finally issues like this start from the top down and if you want good work you have to hire good workers and support them.Poor management breeds poor workers. I believe it is time for a shakeup at Malcolm from the top down. 1 . Set Goals, scenery clear and concise aspirations lets you know exactly what you expect and where you expect to go. 2. Prioritize, what tasks to I need to do to achieve my goals, how does this task help me complete my goal, and what extent does this task help me achieve y goal. By choosi ng which one of those your tasks falls under it helps you achieve your goal quicker and easier. 3. Keep a task list and use the above guidelines to help prioritize those tasks. . Schedule tasks this helps keep them in control and gives you a guideline to follow 5. Focus on one task at a time difficult to do too much at once gets confusing an leads to frustration, failure, and ultimately loose up. 6. Minimize distractions we are used to multitasking immediately but if we can concentrate on one thing and do it to the best of our abilities we will succeed. 7. Overcome Procrastination simply stop being lazy 8. maintain breaks Even superman took a break every now and again. 9. Say No when you feel overwhelmed Just say no.There are times where you Just cant do it all. 10. And at long last Delegate Tasks you have people who work for you and you hired them to do more than make copies and get your coffee. Use their skill set and ease your load a bit. (William) These are all things that Malcolm supervisors need to demand. Add these in with people skills and V. T. Malcolm is set for success. We put out a good product usually. We need good people working for us. To get good people working for you, you need to have good management.Management that trust and uses their employees to the fullest. Management at its lowest form is managing people. You dont manage people by scare maneuver and bullying them. That is something that most people learn in high school. Management is a bit like water once the flow starts downhill it usually trickles all the way to the bottom. References William, D. K. (n. D. ). Http//www. Lifelike. Org/articles/productivity/lo-proven-time- management-skills-you-should-learn-today. HTML. Retrieved from http// www. Lifelike. Org.